Concrete pile.



G. 0. IVERNONI-INKPBN.

CONCRETE PILE.

APPLICATION FILED 0013, 1910.

Patented Jul 4 1911.

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CON APPIL'IOATIO RNON-INKPEN.

CRETE PILE.

N FILED 0011.3, 1910.

' Patented July 4, .1911.

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G. G. VERNON-INKPEN.

OONGRETE PILE. APPLIIOATION FILED 00w. 3, 1910.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Julyet, 1911.

application filed October a, 1910. Serial No. 585,032.

To all whom it may concern:

Britain, residing England, have invented certain new. and

useful Improvements in Concrete Piles for. Foundations and Similar Purposes, of which;

the following is a specification.

supporting capacity for foundations for quays,

or'in soils above the ticularly through marshy or "boggy strata, mud, loose or running sand or other soft soils in order foundation for carrying erections, works, superstructures, supports or the like. The invention is also applicable for use by being able to be screwed into any soils and secure and anchor foundations for holding terials in exposed situations down structures such as large sheds for aeroplanes, warehouses, stores, factories and similar buildings erected with light maandsubject to much wind pressure, also to columns and the like for carryingtelegraphic wires, cables,

signals or similar purposes requiring a. firm foundation in the soil as would be obtainable by umn as hereafter set forth.

My invention consists in concrete screw piles in which reinforced concrete spiral flanges, worms, or blades around their circumference form an integral part of the con-' crete pile body or shaftand by the application of continuous helical metallic bars, rods, bands or wrappings embedded in the concrete and possessing strength and efiiciency to resist a twisting or torsion strain in conjunction with a suitable continuous vertical reinforcement of the concrete pile shaft preferably as shown by the accompanying drawings and hereafter described to resist a lateral or breaking-off strain or fracture, such as might occur to a screw pile when being screwed i-ntoa compact mass for the uses and purposes set forth in th s specification, also providing means for securing to the reinforced concrete pile shaft metal ineasements or molds Be it known that I, GEORGE CHARLES V1111: NON-INKPEN, a subject of the King. of Grreat in Portsmouth, Hants,

after set forth ,piles which are capable of being formed and I made, if desired, at or near the place they This invention has reference to piles madej of reinforced concrete capable of a great; use .in securing Walls, piers, columns,f etc., either for works of a subaqueous nature, surface Fof water par-j to secure a solid and firm screwing in the base end of the colas protection to the con-. crete spiral flanges, worms or blades'of the screw, as hereafter described.

:For the purpose of this invention I employ concrete in combination with steel, as herein the construction of the are required to be used, preferably where the materials for the concrete can be obtained cheapestand at the least cost for carriage. In the construction of the pile either at its base, along its length or in both positions, if required, are to be molded and former... in conjunction with the shaft, one or more blades or flanges formed as a screw, the pitch of the blades or the varying, the blades from the body of the shaft as the circumstances and uses for which the pile may be required and depth of soil or strata into which the pile is intendedto penet'rate', as shown in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4. i

In fixing screw piles into position they might penetrate a fairly solid stratum near the surface and afterward pass into a bed of worm of the screw pro ecting more or less running or soft sand before finding a lower solid foundation upon whichthe end of the pile might rest While the upper blades or flanges of the screw could also receive support from the upper stratum.

The method proposed for screwing the piles direct into the soil oriinto holes pre viously prepared to receive them and also removing them when so required, are those usually and customarily used, such as wheels,' winches, capstans and the like, for which purpose it is intended to form along the length of the shaft of the pile-one or more sunk keyways or form one or more flat sides or heads to receive a movable wheel or other contrivance which could b'h secured to the shaft for imparting a revolvng motion to the pile and capable of being raised, lowered In order that ter understood, I

drawings, whichor removed as desired,

my invention may be betappend the accompanying illustrate by way of example the various forms or designs for the pile and its reinforcement. Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 are elevations of the circumstances and repile to suit varying quirements. Fig. 1' is intended for penetrating stiff soils or compact bodies; Fig. 2, suiting of concrete removed, showing the helical reinforcement in elevation; Fig. 6 is a half transverse sectional plan of Fig. 5 through half section through worm of screw, and a shaft of pile above; Fig. 7 is a vertical secthe. center portionfand 'rods or-the like. 0',

tion through part of pile-{showing an alternative arrangementfor reinforcement and also a metal envelop or casing forming .the blades of the screw, one half of the section showing the outer part of the concrete removed, with the helical' reinforcement in elevation and the other half section through Fig. 8 is a sectional plan of Fig. 7 through the shaft, showing an alternative arrangement for its reinforcement, and a plan, of the metal envelop or casing for the blades of the screw.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 4, a is the worm of the screw of any pitch or length. 6, the point of the screw. 0, shaft of the pile of any convenient length. d, one or more sides, as shown sectionally at f on Figs. 2 and l, or one or more key'ways, as Fig. 3. e on Fig. 2', projecting worms, flanges or blades for soft soils are intended to be placed in any convenientposition along the length 'of the pile. 7

Referring to Fig. '5, a, is concrete center of shaft within the reinforcement. 6, con crete outside the helical reinforcement of shaft. 6', concrete forming the blade of screw. 0, outer coil reinforcement consisting of a wrapping of a sheet of expanded metal, perforated sheet steel, interlaced steel inner coil reinforce- 'ment consistinof a wrapping ofa sheet of ment rodsin section.

shaft. without the reinforcement,

expanded metal, perfo ated sheet steel, interla'cefl steel rods or the like. d, helical reinforcement rods in elevation wound around the cylinder 0 and 0'. d, helical reinforcee, blade of screw part in elevation. 7, metal brackets with radiating and tangent arms as reinforcement to blade of screw secure to the reinforcement of shaft and band or ring g.

Referring to Fig. 6, a, is concrete of shaft within the reinforcement. b, concrete of c, outer coil reinforcement consisting of a wrapping of a sheet of expanded metal, perforated sheet steel, interlaced steel rods or the.like.

0, inner coil wrapping of a sheet of expanded metal, perforated sheetsteel, interlaced steel rods or the like. (1,, helical reinforcement rolls in section. e, blade of screw. 7, metal bracket shaft of pile within inforcement of steel '0 so formed a'number of rods d and d, Fig.

reinforcement consisting of a rods 0 are embedded in I with radiating and tangent arms f5as rein- '65 for-cement of blade or screw. 9, steel ring connected with .the bracket f of. T or V- shaped section. it, pipes embedded in the concrete for water pressure.

Referring to Fig. 7, a isconcrete center of the reinforcement. b, concrete outside .the reinforcement. a, vertical rods the entire length of pile or shaft and connected with the'base orshoe. d, helij cal band of. expanded or perforated 'metal sheets or interlaced rods, bars, or strands of wire wound around the rods 0 and attached to them. :0, metal envelop or casing for-the blades or flange of the screw capable of being formed up with the shaft or attached to it afterward. f, concrete grout forming key, securing metal envelop to shaft. g, keyway around pile for concrete grout for forming key, securing metal envelop .to shaft. h,

hole in metal envelop for receiving concrete 1 grout for securing the metal envelop or casing e. 7

Referring to Fig. 8, a, is concrete in center of shaft within the reinforcement. b, concrete outside of'center of shaft within the reinforcement. 0, vertical metal rods for re mfercement. d, helical band of expanded or perforated metal sheets, or interlaced rods, bars, or strands of wire wound around the rods 0, and attached to them. cl, bindings connecting the vertical metal rods 0 and the helical band (i. 6, metal envelop or casing for the blades er flange of screw capable of being formed up with the shaft or attached to it afterward. h, holes for receivin concrete grout for securin the metal enve op or, casing e. i, hexagona or flat-sided part of pile engaging with a corresponding socket in metal envelop creasing.

The piles are to be carefully made with. cement concrete mixed with .materials 0 standard quality and proportions and thoroughly consolidated and rammed and formed into a solid mass surrounding a reor othersuitable matedesign to resist torsion arrangement of-reinforcement, as shown on drawings Nos. 5 and 6 of the shaft of the pile, is intendedto'be formed with a wrapping a and 0 of sheet expanded steel, perforated sheet steel, interlaced steel rods, or the like until its (long sides overlie to a considerable extent, and arranging oh. the outsideof the cylinder 0 and rial and of suitable and compression. The

5, and d, Fig. 6, wound around the-cylinder c and c in a continuou's and helical direction so as to produce a helix .of opposite signs to the helix of the sinking screw. j

An alternate arrangement for the reinforcement of the shaft 's shown on Figs. 7 and 8, in which a number of vertical'metal the concrete-a for 1 its entire length-from the shoe to the top lllilfllad and around which a spiral band tinuous and helical direction and secured by wife 11' to the vertical rods 0 so as to produce a helix of opposite sign to the helix of the sinking screw, as' described in reference to Figs. 5 and '6. The metallic continuity of the helical reinforcement in each arrangement to be maintained throughout the entire length of the transmit the torsional strain necessary for 15-.

' .pression the concrete forming the shaft of pile so as to efliciently screwing down thepile, bringing into comthe pile, Figs. 5 and 6, etc, the helical reinforQement-being'in tension and exerting a strain in the opposite direction to that .brought tobear v pile into position and counteracting likely fracture by torsion of the shaft.

in fixing or screwing the The twisting strain to sink the piles is communicated direct from the shaft. to the screw. 25

The blades or flanges, e, Figs. 5 and 6,

forming the Worms of the screws are intend- I ed to be reinforced and supported by the steelor other metal brackets f, either formed and'secured separately to the cylinder 0 and 0, Figs. 5 and 6, or formed in a series from a sheet ofsteel or other metal partly cut, as radiating arms f, and wrapped spirally around the cylinder 0 and 0, Figs. 5 and 6, to which the ends of the arms or sheet are to. be fixed. The apex of. the arm is to be secured to a metal and 6, of T or V section inside the radiating armsa'nd keeping them equidistant and in regular position with the pitch of the screw. The ring g, Figs. 5 and 6, is to be attached by tangent arms f, Figs. 5 and 6, to, the cylinder 0 and 0', Figs. 5'and 6.- The foregoing reinforcement encircles the shaft as a helix in the direction of the pitch of the sinking screw to resist a shearing or breaking ofi strain, asmight occur if brought into contact with rock boulders or other hard substances. As an alternative arrangement, the blades or flanges forming the screw could be made of meta1,'e, Fig. 7, and either built up with the shaft of the pile asan envelop mold or casing, or could be attached thereto afterward by forming a 'key of grouted concrete, as shown on Figs. 7 and 8 at f, the concrete with hexagonal sides, flats or keyways prepared to receive and engage with corresponding hexagonal sides, flats or keyways provided in-the socket of the metal envelop e, Fig.7, j, Fig. Send to be. secured thereto on being placed together by'cement concrete groutpoured in through the holes, h, Figs. 7 and 8, and filling up the space, f, Fig. 7 between the inside of the metal envelop or casends ring 9, Figs. 5

shaft 6 being formed .the hexagonal sidesof the shaft and hole to receive it in the metal envelop would prevent a twisting or turning movement under the strain necessaryin position.

-The piles are intended to be formed solid-but they could be formed with a hollow core within the reinforcement and also have means for providing water pressure to assist'the screwing up or down of the piles.

The piles may be provided with a steel point in conjunction with the metal envelop or casing forming a mold, into which the lower part of the pile could be embedded or could be, if formed hollow, have the lower provided with metal rings having chisel-shaped beveled or serrated edges for cutting through soils and obstruct-ions in the strata.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention, and in what manner I wish it to be understood that I make no general claim to the use of steel or other metals either as'rods, bars, or expanded sheets for the concrete as piles or otherwise, or the combination of a plurality of vertical longitudinal metal rods with or without metal ties screwing'the pile into reinforcement of looped around them and embedded in the concrete to form a pile or pile-like structure, neither do I make any general claim to the use of metal flanges, blades or screws in the construction of such reinforced concrete piles, or pile-like structures either placed at their bases or along their vertical lengths, but What I claim is 1. A pile column or the like comprising a shaft, screw threads formed thereon, and

a helical coil reinforcement in said shaft and wound in a direction reverse to that of the screw thread.

2. A concrete pile column or the like comprising a shaft, screw threads formed on the lower end of the shaft, and a helical coil reinforcement in said shaft and Wound in a directionreverse to that of the screw thread. 3. A concrete pile, column or the like comprising a shaft, concrete threads formed at the lower part thereof, and reinforcing means carried in said threads and extending near the outer edge of the same.

4:" A pile column, or the like, concrete shaft, concrete screw threads formed on the lower part thereof, and reinforcing brackets carried in the screw-threads and extending near the outer edge of the same.

the same is performed,

or in perforated His comprising a 5. pile, column or the like comprising In testimony, that I claim the foregoing v a concrete shaft having a key-Way, a inetalas my invention, I have signed my name in envelop on the lower end of the shaft and presence of two subscrlblng Witnesses. 1

formed into screwthreads, and concrete GEORGE CHARLES VERNON-INKPEN. 5 grout between said envelop and shaft and Witnesses:

forming a key therebetween engaglng in R. VERNON-INKIEN,

said key-Way. A. E. MOORE.

Copies of this iatent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the comxnissioner ofl'atengs,

' Washington, D. Q. 

